{"id":20056,"date":"2026-07-14T20:22:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T12:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/?p=20056"},"modified":"2026-07-14T21:23:57","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T13:23:57","slug":"se_tw160","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/member\/se_tw160\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5377\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f(\u671f\u5225160)(115\u5e74)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20056\" class=\"elementor elementor-20056\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-760ce98c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"760ce98c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66ad357e\" data-id=\"66ad357e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eba3605 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6eba3605\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5377\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f (\u671f\u5225160) (115\u5e74)<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3df3fc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3df3fc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u300c\u6297\u8fd1\u65b7\u5c64\u5730\u9707\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6a13\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u8010\u9707\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6280\u8853\u300d\n\u7279\u520a\u5f15\u8a00<br>\u5ba2\u5ea7\u4e3b\u7de8:\u856d\u8f14\u6c9b\u7d44\u9577\u3001\u674e\u7ffc\u5b89\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d9546cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"6d9546cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1831\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1831\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u300c\u6297\u8fd1\u65b7\u5c64\u5730\u9707\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6a13\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u8010\u9707\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6280\u8853\u300d \u7279\u520a\u5f15\u8a00<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1831\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1831\"><table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\u300c\u6297\u8fd1\u65b7\u5c64\u5730\u9707\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6a13\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u8010\u9707\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6280\u8853\u300d \u7279\u520a\u5f15\u8a00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; 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&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u570b\u5bb6\u5be6\u9a57\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u9707\u5de5\u7a0b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3000\u856d\u8f14\u6c9b\u3000\u7d44\u9577<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;\u570b\u7acb\u4e2d\u8208\u5927\u5b78\u571f\u6728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b78\u7cfb\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u674e\u7ffc\u5b89\u3000\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3000\u3000\u8b39\u8a8c<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u7d50\u69cb\u5de5\u7a0b\u671f\u520a\u3000\u7279\u520a\u5ba2\u5ea7\u4e3b\u7de8<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2026 \u5e74 6 \u6708<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1832\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1832\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00a0\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4e8c\u5143\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72c0\u526a\u529b\u7246\u4e4b\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u9810\u6e2c<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1832\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1832\"><table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">&nbsp;\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4e8c\u5143\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72c0\u526a\u529b\u7246\u4e4b\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u9810\u6e2c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 220pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"293\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 220pt;\" width=\"293\" height=\"23\">\u51cc\u4e8e\u54f2\u3001\u9ec3\u4e16\u5efa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 252pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"336\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 252pt;\" width=\"336\" height=\"23\">\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u3001\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u3001\u526a\u529b\u7246\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72c0\u3001\u58d3\u62c9\u687f\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u7cfb\u7d71<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6458\u8981<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 301pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"401\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 301pt;\" width=\"401\" height=\"23\">\u6e96\u78ba\u9810\u6e2c\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72c0\u526a\u529b\u7246\u4e4b\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u5c0d\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4e8c\u5143\u7cfb\u7d71\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5b89 \u5168\u8207\u8a2d\u8a08\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73fe\u884c\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7d50\u69cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u898f\u7bc4\u300d\uff08\u7c21\u7a31\u571f\u6728 401- 112\uff09\u4e4b\u7246\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u516c\u5f0f\u56e0\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u526a\u529b\u50b3\u905e\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e14\u8003\u616e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u53c3\u6578\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5c0e \u81f4\u5176\u9810\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\u5177\u6709\u986f\u8457\u7684\u96e2\u6563\u6027\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u65bc\u8edf\u5316\u58d3\u62c9\u687f (softened strut-and-tie, SST) \u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u72c0\u526a\u529b\u7246\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u3002\u540c \u6642\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u66f2\u7dda\u8fd1\u4f3c\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u7c21\u5316\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u58d3\u687f\u6709\u6548\u9762\u7a4d\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u7dad\u6301\u9810\u6e2c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1 \u4e0b\u63d0\u5347\u8a08\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3002\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b SST \u6a21\u578b\u4ee5 281 \u7b46\u4f4e\u77ee\u578b\u526a\u529b\u7246\u8a66\u9a57\u8cc7\u6599\u9032\u884c\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u5176 \u6db5\u84cb\u77e9\u5f62\u3001\u555e\u9234\u5f62\u53ca\u7ffc\u5f62\u7246\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8207\u571f\u6728 401-112\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5b78\u6703 (American Concrete Institute, ACI) \u898f\u7bc4 ACI 318-25 \u516c\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u63d0\u51fa \u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u8207\u6700\u5927\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\u4e0a\u7686\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7a2e\u517c\u5177 \u529b\u5b78\u57fa\u790e\u4e14\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u526a\u529b\u7246\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">Title<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">&nbsp;Shear Strength Prediction of Shear Walls With Different Shapes in Reinforced Concrete Dual Systems<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Author<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">Yu-Che Ling ,<br>  Shyh-Jiann Hwang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Keywords<\/th>\n<td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">shear strength,<br>\n  reinforced concrete, shear wall, various shapes, strut-and-tie model, dual<br>\n  system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Abstract<\/th>\n<td>&nbsp;<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"307\" style=\"border-collapse:\n collapse;width:230pt\"><tbody><tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n  <td height=\"23\" width=\"307\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:230pt\">Accurate shear\n  strength prediction of reinforced concrete (RC) squat walls with different\n  shapes is critical for structural safety and design in RC buildings using\n  dual systems. However, wall shear strength equation in current Design\n  Specifications for Concrete Structures (Civil 401- 112) exhibits significant\n  scatter due to lack of a rational force transfer mechanism and limited\n  parameter considerations. This study develops an analytical model based on\n  the softened strutand-tie (SST) approach to improve shear strength\n  predictions. A simplified equation for the concrete strut area is derived\n  through curve approximation, enhancing computational efficiency of the SST\n  model while maintaining accuracy. The proposed SST model is validated using\n  experimental data from 281 squat walls, including rectangular, barbell, and\n  flanged walls, and this study further presents a closer look into Civil\n  401-112 and American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318-25 code equations. Results\n  show that the proposed model achieves competitive accuracy in both general\n  shear strength and maximum shear strength predictions, offering a robust and\n  mechanics-based model for wall shear capacity estimation.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1833\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1833\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d50\u5408\u5012\u584c\u6a21\u64ec\u8207\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u9032\u884c\u9707\u5f8c\u5efa\u7269\u640d\u58de\u5206\u7d1a<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1833\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1833\"><table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\u7d50\u5408\u5012\u584c\u6a21\u64ec\u8207\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u9032\u884c\u9707\u5f8c\u5efa\u7269\u640d\u58de\u5206\u7d1a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"293\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:220pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"293\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:220pt\">\u4faf\u653f\u4ec1\u3001\u6c5f\u5bf6\u7530\u3001\u4faf\u742e\u6b3d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"336\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:252pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"336\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:252pt\">\u5efa\u7bc9\u5012\u584c\u6a21\u64ec\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u5408\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u3001PointNet\u3001\u9ede\u96f2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6458\u8981<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"401\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:301pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"401\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:301pt\">\u9762\u5c0d\u5730\u9707\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u640d\u58de\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5617\u8a66\u89e3\u6c7a\u707d\u5f8c\u4ef0\u8cf4\u5927\u91cf\u8017\u6642\u8cbb\u529b\u4e14<br>  \u5177\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\u6311\u6230\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u8a55\u4f30\u4f5c\u696d\u3002\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u771f\u5be6\u9707\u640d\u6578\u64da\u7684\u7a00\u7f3a\u6027\u70ba\u9650\u5236\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78 \u7fd2\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u76ee\u6a19\u662f\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u5957\u7d50\u5408\u5012\u584c\u6a21\u64ec\u8207\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u8a55<br>  \u4f30\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u751f\u6210\u6a19\u8a3b\u5408\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5229\u7528\u96e2\u6563\u5143\u6cd5 (discrete element method, DEM)<br>  \u8207\u7269\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\uff08Blender \u7d50\u5408 BCB (bullet constraints builder)\uff09\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u5730\u751f\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u591a\u6a23\u4e14\u5177\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u7684 3D<br>  \u5efa\u7bc9\u640d\u58de\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5efa\u7f6e\u5305\u542b\u8f15\u5fae\u3001 \u4e2d\u5ea6\u8207\u91cd\u5ea6\u640d\u58de\u4e09\u985e\u7b49\u7d1a\u7684\u5408\u6210\u9ede\u96f2\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u3002\u5206\u985e\u6a21\u578b\u63a1\u7528 3D \u9ede\u96f2\u8655\u7406\u9818\u57df\u5177\u4ee3 \u8868\u6027\u7684 PointNet<br>  \u9032\u884c\u8a13\u7df4\u8207\u6548\u80fd\u8a55\u4f30\u3002PointNet \u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8655\u7406\u539f\u59cb\u9ede\u96f2\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4e26\u900f\u904e \u6700\u5927\u6c60\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u805a\u5408\u5168\u57df\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5c0d\u61c9\u9ede\u96f2\u6578\u64da\u7684\u7121\u5e8f\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5efa\u7f6e\u5408\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u96c6\u5171 300<br>  \u7b46\u640d\u58de\u5efa\u7bc9\u9ede\u96f2\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5206\u70ba\u8f15\u5ea6\u640d\u58de\u3001\u4e2d\u5ea6\u640d\u58de\u8207\u91cd\u5ea6\u640d\u58de\u5404 100 \u7b46\u3002\u63a1\u7528 K \u647a\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a57\u8b49 (K-fold cross validation)<br>  \u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u8a13\u7df4\u8207\u6e2c\u8a66\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u7e3d\u9ad4\u5e73\u5747 \u6e96\u78ba\u7387\u8d85\u904e 95.00% \u5c55\u73fe\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u6e2c\u8a66\u96c6\uff08\u7d50\u69cb\u5f62\u5f0f\u6709\u6240\u843d\u5dee\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\uff09\uff0c<br>  \u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u5177\u5099\u521d\u6b65\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5206\u985e\u6e96\u78ba\u7387\u9054\u5230 86.67%\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u5728\u65bc\u7d50\u5408\u5012\u584c\u6a21 \u64ec\u5408\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u5177\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u8207\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee5\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u89e3<br>  \u6c7a\u6578\u64da\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u70ba\u9707\u5f8c\u5efa\u7269\u640d\u58de\u5feb\u901f\u5206\u7d1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u9ad8\u5ea6\u61c9\u7528\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u8f14\u52a9\u6280\u8853\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">Title<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"193\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:145pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"193\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:145pt\">Deep Learning\u2013Based<br>  Post-Earthquake Building Damage Classification Enhanced by Collapse<br>  Simulation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Author<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">Cheng-Jen Hou,<br>  Bao-Tian Chiang, Tsung-Chin Hou<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Keywords<\/th>\n<td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">building collapse<br>\n  simulation, deep learning, synthetic data, PointNet, point cloud<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Abstract<\/th>\n<td>&nbsp;<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"307\" style=\"border-collapse:\n collapse;width:230pt\"><tbody><tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n  <td height=\"23\" width=\"307\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:230pt\">Taiwan, located in\n  the Pacific Ring of Fire, experiences frequent earthquakes that pose\n  significant risks to urban buildings. Conventional post-earthquake building\n  damage assessment primarily relies on manual field inspections, which are\n  time-consuming, costly, hazardous, and often subject to human judgment. To\n  address these limitations and the scarcity of real-world damage data, this\n  study proposes an automated post-earthquake building damage classification\n  framework that integrates physics-based collapse simulation with deep\n  learning. A simulationdriven data generation workflow is developed using the\n  open-source 3D software Blender coupled with the bullet constraints builder\n  (BCB) physics engine. Based on the discrete element method (DEM), large-scale\n  synthetic point cloud datasets with explicit physical attributes are\n  generated and manually labeled in accordance with established domestic and\n  international standards for post-disaster assessment. For automated damage\n  classification, the PointNet deep learning architecture is adopted, and\n  K-fold cross-validation is applied to ensure robust model training and\n  evaluation. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves an\n  average classification accuracy exceeding 95.00% on validation datasets\n  structurally consistent with the training data. Moreover, an accuracy of\n  86.67% is maintained on an independent test dataset, indicating promising\n  generalization capability and knowledge transfer potential. The results\n  demonstrate the feasibility of combining synthetic collapse simulation data\n  with deep learning for the automated assessment of post-earthquake building\n  damage. The proposed framework offers a scalable, costeffective, and\n  automation-oriented solution that supports rapid post-disaster decision-making\n  and enhances the digitalization of structural damage assessment workflows.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1834\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1834\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8edf\u88dc\u5f37\u2500RC \u69cb\u67b6\u5167\u7f6e\u578b\u7c21\u6613\u88dc\u5f37\u5de5\u6cd5\u8207 \u8a55\u4f30\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7d39<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1834\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1834\"><table style=\"width: 408px;\" width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 84px;\" width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 324px;\" width=\"280\">\u8edf\u88dc\u5f37\u2500RC \u69cb\u67b6\u5167\u7f6e\u578b\u7c21\u6613\u88dc\u5f37\u5de5\u6cd5\u8207 \u8a55\u4f30\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7d39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 84px;\">\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 324px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"293\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:220pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"293\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:220pt\">\u675c\u6021\u8431\u3001\u9673\u98a8\u591a\u3001\u9023\u5049\u921e\u3001\u6797\u5747\u5bb9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 84px;\">\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 324px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"336\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:252pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"336\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:252pt\">\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u3001\u8010\u9707\u88dc\u5f37\u3001\u8010\u9707\u8a55\u4f30\u3001\u8edf\u5f31\u5e95\u5c64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 84px;\">\u6458\u8981<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 324px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"401\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:301pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"401\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:301pt\">\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u91dd\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u5178\u578b\u4f4e\u5c64\u8857\u5c4b\u4e4b\u5efa\u7bc9\u7d50\u69cb\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u65bd\u5de5\u7c21\u4fbf\u4e4b\u8010\u9707\u88dc\u5f37<br>  \u5de5\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5316\u5b78\u9328\u6813\u5c07\u92fc\u9aa8\u69cb\u4ef6\u9644\u52a0\u65bc\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f (reinforced concrete, RC) \u69cb\u67b6\u5167<br>  \u5074\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u8db3\u5c3a\u55ae\u67f1\u8207\u69cb\u67b6\u5f80\u5fa9\u5074\u63a8\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u9a57\u8b49\u5de5\u6cd5\u4e4b\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u8207\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8a2d\u8a08 \u5169\u7a2e\u88dc\u5f37\u92fc\u9aa8\u63a5\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u627f\u58d3\u63a5\u5408\u8207\u5f4e\u77e9\u63a5\u5408\uff0c\u8a66\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\u7121\u8ad6\u4f55\u8005\u7686\u80fd\u986f\u8457\u63d0<br>  \u5347\u88dc\u5f37\u5f8c\u7d50\u69cb\u4e4b\u5074\u5411\u52c1\u5ea6\u8207\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u5178\u578b\u8857\u5c4b\u5e38\u898b\u8edf\u5f31\u5e95\u5c64\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5f4e\u77e9\u63a5\u5408 \u5f62\u5f0f\u5f37\u5ea6\u8f03\u4f73\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u97cc\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u6e1b\u640d\uff1b\u627f\u58d3\u63a5\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u7a0d\u4f4e\u4f46\u4e0d\u6e1b\u97cc\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u6e1b\u5c11<br>  \u6881\u5e95\u9328\u6813\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5de5\u6cd5\u5177\u5099\u65bd\u5de5\u7c21\u4fbf\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u958b\u6316\u57fa\u790e\u3001\u53ef\u65bc\u69cb\u67b6\u5167\u90e8\u5b8c\u5168\u65bd\u4f5c\u7b49\u512a \u52e2\uff0c\u80fd\u7bc0\u7701\u5de5\u671f\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u53ca\u65bd\u5de5\u5c0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u70ba\u4fbf\u65bc\u5be6\u52d9\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa<br>  \u9069\u7528\u65bc\u8a73\u7d30\u8010\u9707\u8a55\u4f30\u4e4b\u5074\u63a8\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ea6\u63d0\u51fa\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u6aa2\u6838\u5074\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u4e4b\u7c21\u6613\u4f30\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c \u5169\u8005\u7686\u7d93\u8a66\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u6bd4\u5c0d\uff0c\u80fd\u6e96\u78ba\u6a21\u64ec\u88dc\u5f37\u524d\u5f8c\u69cb\u67b6\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">Title<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"193\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:145pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"193\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:145pt\">Soft Retrofit\u2500A<br>  Simple Interior Seismic Retrofit Method and Evaluation Model for RC Frame<br>  Structures<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Author<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">Yi-Hsuan Tu ,<br>  Fong-Duo Chen, Wei-Chun Lian, Chun-Jung Lin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Keywords<\/th>\n<td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">reinforced<br>\n  concrete, seismic retrofit, seismic assessment, soft first story<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Abstract<\/th>\n<td>&nbsp;<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"307\" style=\"border-collapse:\n collapse;width:230pt\"><tbody><tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n  <td height=\"23\" width=\"307\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:230pt\">This study proposes\n  a simple seismic retrofit method for typical low-rise street-houses in Taiwan\n  by attaching steel members to reinforced concrete (RC) frames with chemical\n  anchors. Full-scale column and frame cyclic lateral loading tests were\n  conducted to verify its feasibility and effectiveness. Two connection types\n  of retrofitting steel members were designed: compression connections and\n  moment connections. Test results indicate that both significantly enhance the\n  lateral stiffness and strength of retrofitted structures, effectively\n  mitigating the common softfirst-story problem in street-houses. While moment\n  connections provide higher strength with some potential reduction in\n  ductility, compression connections yield slightly lower strength but maintain\n  ductility and reduce anchorage demands on beam bottoms. The method requires\n  no foundation excavation, can be installed entirely within the frame, and\n  minimizes cost, time, and user disruption. A pushover analysis model and a\n  simplified strength estimation method were also developed and validated,\n  providing reliable tools for practical seismic assessment.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1835\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1835\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u63a2\u8a0e\u4ee5\u78b3\u7e96\u7dad\u589e\u5f37\u805a\u5408\u7269 (CFRP) \u7dda\u6750\u88dc\u5f37\u4e4b\u92fc\u7b4b \u6df7\u51dd\u571f T \u578b\u6881\u526a\u529b\u6027\u80fd\uff1a\u5be6\u9a57\u89c0\u5bdf\u8207\u89e3\u6790\u8a55\u4f30<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1835\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1835\"><table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 210pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"280\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 210pt;\" width=\"280\" height=\"23\">\u63a2\u8a0e\u4ee5\u78b3\u7e96\u7dad\u589e\u5f37\u805a\u5408\u7269 (CFRP) \u7dda\u6750\u88dc\u5f37\u4e4b\u92fc\u7b4b \u6df7\u51dd\u571f T \u578b\u6881\u526a\u529b\u6027\u80fd\uff1a\u5be6\u9a57\u89c0\u5bdf\u8207\u89e3\u6790\u8a55\u4f30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 220pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"293\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 220pt;\" width=\"293\" height=\"23\">Banu Ardi<br>Hidayat\u3001\u80e1\u5ba3\u5fb7\u3001\u856d\u8f14\u6c9b\u3001Muhammad Amirul Chanif Rizaldi\u3001Salfarras Rafliandra Aqil\u3001Sri<br>Tudjono\u3001Bobby Rio Indriyantho\u3001Yanuar Haryanto\u3001Laurencius Nugroho<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 252pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"336\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 252pt;\" width=\"336\" height=\"23\">\u526a\u529b\u88dc\u5f37\u3001\u78b3\u7e96\u7dad\u589e\u5f37\u805a\u5408\u7269<br>(CFRP)\u3001\u8fd1\u8868\u9762\u57cb\u8a2d\u6cd5 (NSM)\u3001\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u3001 \u7834\u58de\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6458\u8981<\/th>\n<td>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 301pt;\" border=\"0\" width=\"401\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 17.0pt;\">\n<td style=\"height: 17.0pt; width: 301pt;\" width=\"401\" height=\"23\">\u7576\u524d\u8a31\u591a\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f<br>(reinforced concrete, RC) \u7d50\u69cb\u56e0\u65e9\u671f\u8a2d\u8a08\u672a\u63a1\u7528\u5ef6\u6027\u914d<br>\u7b4b\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5176\u6297\u526a\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u65bc\u5730\u9707\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u6613\u767c\u751f\u8106\u6027\u7834\u58de\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u8a0e\u4ee5\u78b3\u7e96\u7dad\u589e<br>\u5f37\u805a\u5408\u7269 (carbon fiber-reinforced polymer, CFRP) \u7dda\u6750\u4f5c\u70ba\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u526a\u529b\u88dc\u5f37\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c<br>\u61c9\u7528\u65bc RC T \u578b\u6881\u4e4b\u52a0\u52c1\u88dc\u5f37\u3002CFRP \u7dda\u6750\u7d93\u7531\u62c9\u64e0\u8207\u6a39\u8102\u6d78\u6f2c\u88fd\u7a0b\u88fd\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u8fd1<br>\u8868\u9762\u57cb\u8a2d (near surface mounted, NSM) \u6280\u8853\u6cbf\u6881\u5468\u908a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5169\u6839\u8a66\u9ad4\u5728\u96d9\u9ede\u8f09\u91cd\u4e0b<br>\u9032\u884c\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u64ec\u526a\u529b\u63a7\u5236\u7834\u58de\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0cCFRP \u7dda\u6750\u88dc\u5f37\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347<br>\u526a\u529b\u7d04\u675f\u80fd\u529b\u4e26\u5ef6\u7de9\u659c\u88c2\u7e2b\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u526a\u529b\u5f37\u5ea6\u7565\u6709\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u5ef6\u6027\u5247\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u9054\u3002\u4f9d<br>\u64da\u5370\u5c3c\u570b\u5bb6\u8a2d\u8a08\u898f\u7bc4\u8207 Zararis \u6a21\u578b\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u516c\u5f0f\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u5be6<br>\u969b\u526a\u529b\u627f\u8f09\u529b\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u4e2d\u7b49\u526a\u8de8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u6881\u69cb\u4ef6\u4e9f\u9700\u4fee\u6b63\u8a2d\u8a08\u6e96\u5247\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c<br>\u8b49\u5be6 CFRP \u7dda\u6750\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u8f15\u91cf\u4e14\u6c38\u7e8c\u7684\u88dc\u5f37\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u63d0\u5347 RC \u6881\u4e4b\u6297<br>\u526a\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u8b8a\u5f62\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u70ba\u5730\u9707\u88dc\u5f37\u5de5\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u6f5b\u529b\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u89e3\u6c7a\u9014\u5f91\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">Title<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"193\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:145pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"193\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:145pt\">Investigating the<br>  Shear Resistance of RC T-Beams Retrofitted With CFRP Strings: Experimental<br>  Observations and Analytical Evaluation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Author<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">Banu Ardi Hidayat,<br>  Hsuan-Teh Hu1, Fu-Pei Hsiao, Muhammad Amirul Chanif Rizaldi, Salfarras<br>  Rafliandra Aqil, Sri Tudjono, Bobby Rio Indriyantho , Yanuar Haryanto,<br>  Laurencius Nugroho<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Keywords<\/th>\n<td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">shear<br>\n  strengthening, CFRP, NSM, shear capacity, failure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Abstract<\/th>\n<td>&nbsp;<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"307\" style=\"border-collapse:\n collapse;width:230pt\"><tbody><tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n  <td height=\"23\" width=\"307\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:230pt\">Existing reinforced\n  concrete (RC) structures frequently demonstrate insufficient shear resistance\n  owing to non-ductile detailing, rendering them vulnerable to brittle failure\n  during seismic events. This study examines the alternative application of\n  carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) strings as a novel shear strengthening\n  solution for RC T-beams. The CFRP strings were produced via a pultrusion and\n  resin impregnation process, and thereafter integrated along the beam\n  perimeter utilizing the near surface mounted (NSM) technique. Two beam\n  specimens were subjected to testing under a two-point loading configuration\n  to induce shear-critical behavior. Experimental observations indicated that\n  CFRP string strengthening enhanced shear confinement and postponed diagonal\n  crack propagation, leading to an increase in shear capacity and a significant\n  enhancement in ductility. Analytical evaluation using the Indonesian Standard\n  Code and Zararis\u2019s model revealed that conventional design equations\n  underestimated actual shear capacity, highlighting the necessity for updated\n  formulations for beams with moderate shear span-to-depth ratios. Overall, the\n  results demonstrate that CFRP strings serve as an efficient and lightweight\n  retrofit option for enhancing the shear performance and deformation capacity\n  of RC beams, presenting a sustainable solution for seismic strengthening\n  applications.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1836\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1836\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u65b0\u578b\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u5f8c\u62c9\u9810\u529b\u9810\u9444 UHPC \u7d50\u69cb\u7246\u4e4b \u5be6\u9a57\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1836\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1836\"><table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">\u6a19\u984c<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"280\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:210pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"280\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:210pt\">\u65b0\u578b\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u5f8c\u62c9\u9810\u529b\u9810\u9444 UHPC<br>  \u7d50\u69cb\u7246\u4e4b \u5be6\u9a57\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u4f5c\u8005<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"293\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:220pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"293\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:220pt\">\u6797\u6649\u4e1e\u3001\u5f90\u5b50\u6b63\u3001\u6d2a\u5d07\u5c55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u95dc\u9375\u5b57<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"336\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:252pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"336\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:252pt\">\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u9810\u529b\u9810\u9444\u7246\u3001UHPC\u3001\u7834\u58de\u6a21\u5f0f\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7bc0\u584a\u958b\u5408\u3001\u81ea\u5fa9\u4f4d\u80fd\u529b\u3001<br>  OpenSees<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6458\u8981<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"401\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:301pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"401\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:301pt\">\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u9810\u529b\u9810\u9444\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7246\u56e0\u5177\u5099\u512a\u7570\u81ea\u5fa9\u4f4d\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u6709\u6548\u6e1b\u5c11\u9707\u5f8c\u4e4b\u4fee\u5fa9\u9700<br>  \u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5177\u9ad8\u8010\u9707\u97cc\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u69cb\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5c64\u9593\u4f4d\u79fb\u9700\u6c42\u8f03\u5927\u6642\uff0c\u7246\u9ad4\u5e38\u65bc \u89d2\u9685\u8655\u767c\u751f\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u58d3\u788e\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5176\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u8ef8\u5411\u627f\u8f09\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u70ba\u6539\u5584\u6b64\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76<br>  \u63a2\u8a0e\u8d85\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6df7\u51dd\u571f (ultra-high-performance concrete, UHPC) \u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u9810\u529b<br>  \u9810\u9444\u7246\u4e4b\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u8a55\u4f30\u8010\u9707\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6839\u64da\u7f8e\u570b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5b78\u6703 (American Concrete Institute, ACI) \u898f\u7bc4 ACI 550.6 \u8207<br>  ACI 550.7 \u8a2d\u8a08\u5169\u5ea7\u8a66\u9ad4\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u6216 UHPC\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u900f\u904e\u53cd\u8986\u8f09\u91cd\u8a66\u9a57\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u65b0\u578b\u7246\u9ad4\u4e4b\u7834\u58de\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u5f37\u5ea6\u8207\u7bc0\u584a\u958b\u5408\u4e4b\u884c<br>  \u70ba\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cUHPC \u8a66\u9ad4\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u8ef8\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u986f\u8457\u88c2\u7e2b\uff0c \u4e26\u5c55\u73fe\u512a\u7570\u7684\u81ea\u5fa9\u4f4d\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u6975\u5c0f\u7684\u6b98\u9918\u4f4d\u79fb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u4f4d\u5f71\u50cf\u95dc\u4fc2<br>  (digital image correlation, DIC) \u5206\u6790\u986f\u793a\uff0cUHPC \u8a66\u9ad4\u61c9\u8b8a\u5206\u5e03\u5747\u52fb\uff0c\u88c2\u7e2b\u53d7\u7e96\u7dad\u6a4b\u63a5\u6548\u61c9\u63a7\u5236\uff0c<br>  \u4f7f\u8b8a\u5f62\u9700\u6c42\u5f97\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u89d2\u9685\u8655\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u660e\u986f\u4e4b\u5c40\u90e8\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u8a66\u9ad4\u5448\u73fe\u7a69\u5b9a\u6493\u66f2\u884c \u70ba\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0cUHPC \u8a66\u9ad4\u884c\u70ba\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u57fa\u6e96\u5730\u9707 (design basis<br>  earthquake, DBE) \u7684 \u5404\u9805\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6a19\u4e2d\u66f4\u986f\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e26\u8b49\u5be6 UHPC \u6750\u6599\u80fd\u986f\u8457\u6539\u5584\u7121\u63e1\u88f9\u9810\u529b\u9810\u9444\u7246\u4e4b\u97cc\u6027<br>  \u8207\u81ea\u5fa9\u4f4d\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u958b\u653e\u5f0f\u5730\u9707\u5de5\u7a0b\u6a21\u64ec\u7cfb\u7d71 OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering<br>  Simulation) \u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u9650\u5143\u7d20\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\u80fd\u6e96 \u78ba\u6a21\u64ec\u8a66\u9ad4\u4e4b\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u4f4d\u79fb\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e26\u6a21\u64ec\u7bc0\u584a\u9593\u4e4b\u958b\u5408\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u5730\u9707 \u6027\u80fd\u8a55\u4f30\u4e4b\u53ef\u9760\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"415\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"70\">Title<\/th>\n<td width=\"345\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><br><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"193\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:145pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"193\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:145pt\">Behavior and<br>  Modeling of Novel Unbonded Post-Tensioned Precast UHPC Walls<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"193\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:145pt\">\n<tbody>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Author<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"183\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:137pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"183\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:137pt\">Chin-Cheng Lin,<br>  Tzu-Cheng Hsu, Chung-Chan Hung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Keywords<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"251\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width:188pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n<td height=\"23\" width=\"251\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:188pt\">unbonded<br>\n  post-tensioned precast walls, UHPC, damage control, gap-opening,<br>\n  selfcentering, OpenSees<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Abstract<\/th>\n<td>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"307\" style=\"border-collapse:\n collapse;width:230pt\"><tbody><tr height=\"23\" style=\"height:17.0pt\">\n  <td height=\"23\" width=\"307\" style=\"height:17.0pt;width:230pt\">Unbonded\n  post-tensioned precast walls are recognized for their excellent seismic\n  resilience due to a self-centering ability that minimizes post-earthquake\n  repair needs. While this system offers significant advantages, conventional\n  concrete walls often experience concrete crushing at the corners under large\n  displacements, limiting their performance and axial load capacity. To\n  overcome this limitation, this study investigates the application of\n  ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) in unbonded post-tensioned precast\n  walls and evaluates their seismic behavior. Following the design principles\n  outlined in ACI (American Concrete Institute) 550.6 and ACI 550.7, two scaled\n  wall specimens were tested under cyclic loading, one with conventional\n  concrete and one with UHPC. Compared to the conventional concrete wall, The\n  results demonstrate that the UHPC wall exhibited no significant cracking and\n  showed superior self-centering and minimal residual displacement under the\n  same axial load. Digital image correlation (DIC) analysis revealed that the\n  UHPC specimen exhibited a more uniform strain distribution and suppressed\n  compression concentration at the wall corners. The fiber-bridging effect\n  effectively controlled crack propagation, resulting in a stable flexural-dominated\n  response and delayed localized crushing. Overall, the UHPC specimen more\n  effectively satisfied the performance objectives corresponding to the design\n  basis earthquake (DBE) level, indicating enhanced strength and deformation\n  capacity. Furthermore, finite element models of the walls were developed in\n  OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) and validated\n  against the experimental data. These models accurately simulate the\n  load-displacement behavior of unbonded post-tensioned precast walls,\n  providing a reliable tool for future seismic performance assessment.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1837\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1837\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Q&A<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1837\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1837\"><table width=\"280\"><tbody><tr><td width=\"280\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/1600070707.pdf\">Q&amp;A<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1838\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1838\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-check\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5168\u6587\u9023\u7d50 (\u6703\u54e1\u9650\u5b9a) \/ Full Text Links (Members Only)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1838\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1838\"><p><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7d50\u69cb\u5de5\u7a0b\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e00\u5377\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-member"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20056"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20056\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20093,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20056\/revisions\/20093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csse.org.tw\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}